纺织品 纺织品抗病毒活性的测定

时间:2015-05-05 08:41:19 来源:ISO 点击量:

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ISO 18184:2019
Textiles — Determination of antiviral activity of textile products
 
Introduction
Recently, along with the global improvement in the level of living, consumers are showing the trend to seek healthcare or health protective products. Also, an increase in the people’s interest for protection against epidemic diseases has been noted, as the overcrowded commuting train car where the commuters experience every day, the hospitals, nursing homes, etc.
Being supported by the processing technology of textile products to provide a high performance which has been highly developed recently, the health protective and hygiene relating products have been advancing into the market.
Because those products are relatively new and included the technical aspects out of textile technology, the testing methods have been developed by the individual producers to evaluate the product performance. That has resulted in inexistence of a unified test method, hindering for both consumers and producers a true explanation or understanding of those high functional products.
The antiviral product is one of those products and includes the technical fields of the textile technology and the biotechnology.
The demand to establish an international standard has been growing in the consumers, retailers, producers, etc. as the stakeholders in the market.
Antiviral textile products are textiles capable of reducing the number of infective virus particles that contact the surface of the textile. This document provides a quantitative test method to assess the antiviral performance of such products.
The data obtained in an objective manner by this document give the common knowledge to all the stake holders such as consumers, producers, retailers, etc. to understand the correct performance of the antiviral textile products.
There are two methods to quantify the number of infective virus, as infective virus titre in this document, which are the plaque method and the TCID50 method. The method used can be selected by the experience and the convenience of each testing house. Any appropriate cellular system can be used and that the testing conditions when used should be reported.
See Annexes G and H for interlaboratory test results.
1   Scope
This document specifies testing methods for the determination of the antiviral activity of the textile products against specified viruses. Due to the individual sensitivities, the results of one test virus cannot be transposed to other viruses.
The textile products include woven and knitted fabrics, fibres, yarns, braids, etc.
2   Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 105-F02, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part F02: Specification for cotton and viscose adjacent fabrics
3   Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
virus
original biological entity which has a single type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA), specific structure that opposes the virus to living organisms with a cellular structure (prokaryotes and eukaryotes), and reproduces from its genetic material by replication within the host cell, and leads to absolute intracellular parasitism
Note 1 to entry: The virion is the infectious viral particle.
3.2
virus activity
ability to replicate in the susceptible and permissive host cells
3.3
antiviral activity
property of any substance (chemical or otherwise) producing a modification of one of the elements of the virion structure which induces the latter's inability to replicate
Note 1 to entry: Property that reduces the viral activity, generally through morphological change or structural damage to the surface protein of the virus.
Note 2 to entry: It is not necessarily to imply that the change of antigenic response or the change of constituent element is the reduction of virus infectivity.
3.4
antiviral chemicals
inorganic or organic chemicals able to reduce virus activity (3.2)
Note 1 to entry: The organic antiviral chemicals give the change to the surface protein of virus by the chemical adsorption. The inorganic metallic antiviral substances destroy or change the morphology of the virus by the extraction of hydrogen atom in the virus protein by OH radicals which are generated by the radical reaction.
3.5
control fabric
fabric used to verify the stability of the test virus on a textile fabric
Note 1 to entry: The fabrics before the antivirus treatment should be used as a control fabric with the same condition described in 3.5.
Note 2 to entry: In the absence of a control fabric as described in Note 1, the 100 % cotton cloth described in ISO 105-F02 should be used without any chemical treatments such as the fluorescent bleach, etc.
3.6
control test
test to confirm that a specimen does not affect the host cell
Note 1 to entry: This test is performed as same as actual test, but without virus.
Note 2 to entry: Also referred to as control test of specimen,
3.7
cytopathic effect
cytopathic effect (CPE) caused by virus
effect appears as morphological change or destruction of the host cells as a result of the virus multiplication
3.8
infectivity titre of virus
number of infectious viral particles present per unit volume in a cell lysate or in viral suspension
3.9
plaque
area of lysed cells in a monolayer cell culture
3.10
plaque forming units
PFU
unit expressed as the concentration of the infectious virus per unit volume
3.11
plaque assay
assay to determine the infectivity titre of virus (3.8) from PFU by using the series of dilution
3.12
TCID50
50 % infectious dose of a wash-out virus suspension or the dilution of the virus suspension that induces a CPE in 50 % of cell culture units
Note 1 to entry: See 3.7.
3.13
TCID50 method
assay to determine the infectivity titre of virus (3.8) from TCID50 by using the series of dilution
3.14
cytotoxicity
morphological alteration of cells and/or their destruction or the reduction of their sensitivity to the multiplication of viruses induced by a product
 

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