ISO 17299-1:2014

Textiles — Determination of deodorant property — Part 1: General principle

 

Introduction

Unpleasant odours in daily human life are toilet odour, sweat odour, body odour (nonenal mixture odour), excrement odour, etc. Textile products that reduced these unpleasant odours from ambient air or around the human body were offered in the market by using advanced technology.

However, the evaluation method for such deodorant textiles did not develop as an International Standard. This fact has been making it difficult to evaluate correctly the deodorant property of the textile products for consumers as well as manufactures worldwide.

A current practical method for the evaluation of odour is a human sensory testing method in which a person is directly judged by the human sense of smell if there is an odour or not. This human sensory testing method is difficult to standardize as an objective indicator. Considering this situation, test methods using instruments or ultra-microanalysis testing methods have been developed.

Unpleasant odours are compounds of an infinitesimal quantity of chemicals. ISO 17299 provides a definition for the major component chemicals of odours and specifies the test methods by using several kinds of instruments in which the reduction rate of odour from ambient gas of the textile products is determined.

This part of ISO 17299 describes the general principle of testing methods for the deodorant property of textile products. Actual testing methods are described in ISO 17299-2 to ISO 17299-5.

 

1   Scope

This part of ISO 17299 specifies the general principle of the deodorant textile products and deodorant testing methods for textile products, such as woven fabric, knit, nonwoven, fibres and yarns, braiding products, tapes and slings.

 

2   Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 139, Textiles — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing

 

3   Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1   General

3.1.1

unpleasant odour

uncomfortable odour related to the human living environment, such as toilet odour, sweat odour, body odour (nonenal mixture odour), and excrement odour, etc.

3.1.2

major component chemicals of unpleasant odour

chemicals that compose the unpleasant odour in the living environment

Note 1 to entry: These chemicals are as follows:

— toilet odour: ammonia;

— sweat odour: ammonia, acetic acid, and isovaleric acid;

— body odour (nonenal mixture odour): ammonia, acetic acid, isovaleric acid, and nonenal;

— excrement odour: ammonia, acetic acid, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and indole.

Note 2 to entry: Other chemicals might be relevant. The selected chemicals are conceived as representative.

3.1.3

quasi-unpleasant odour

mixed odour produced artificially similar to unpleasant odour

Note 1 to entry: Mixed odours are produced artificially for the purpose of ISO 17299‑5. The component chemicals for each odour are defined as follows:

— quasi-sweat odour: ammonia, acetic acid, isovaleric acid;

— quasi-body odour (nonenal mixture odour): ammonia, acetic acid, isovaleric acid, nonenal;

— quasi-excrement odour: ammonia, acetic acid, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, indole.

3.1.4

deodorant textile

textile with the ability to reduce the unpleasant odour in the ambient air around textile products

Note 1 to entry: The unpleasant odour is caused by the chemicals listed in 3.1.2 and 3.1.3.

3.1.5

deodorant property

ability to reduce the unpleasant odour in ambient air

Note 1 to entry: The unpleasant odour is caused by the chemicals listed in 3.1.2 and 3.1.3.

3.1.6

deodorant substance

substance able to interact physically or chemically with unpleasant odours

Note 1 to entry: The unpleasant odour are listed in 3.1.2 and 3.1.3.

Note 2 to entry: Examples of deodorant substances are shown in Annex A.

3.1.7

deodorant processing

process giving a deodorant property to textile products through a production process for application of deodorant substances on the surface or inside of the textile products by a padding and drying process, to be absorbed by a chemical treatment process, to be blended in the polymer by a spinning process, or to be applied using other techniques

3.2   Deodorant testing

3.2.1

evaluation of a deodorant property

measurement of the reduction of chemical concentration in a container with test specimen, comparing to without specimen

Note 1 to entry: The measuring methods of the concentration of odour chemicals are described in 3.2.2 to 3.2.6.

3.2.2

human sensory testing

judgement of strength of the smell by the human sense of smell

Note 1 to entry: The human sensory testing method is described in Annex C as an example. Although human sensory testing is not suitable for a standard, the procedure was used to develop the instrument testing method to determine the details of testing conditions.

3.2.3

detector tube method

concentration of odour component chemicals is measured by using the detector tube

Note 1 to entry: The detector tube method is described in ISO 17299‑2 which is applied to the test of acetic acid, hydrogen sulphide, and methyl mercaptan.

3.2.4

gas chromatography method

concentration of odour component chemicals is measured by gas chromatography

Note 1 to entry: The gas chromatography (GC) method is described in ISO 17299‑3, which is applied to the test of nonenal, indole, isovaleric acid, and the mixture liquid of acetic acid and NaCl.

3.2.5

condensation sampling analysis

odour component chemicals are condensed by the condensation sampling method for each chemical, and then, the appropriate analytical instruments are chosen to obtain the concentration of odour chemicals

Note 1 to entry: The method is described in ISO 17299‑4 for the test of indole, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, isovaleric acid, and nonenal.

3.2.6

metal-oxide semiconductor sensor method

concentration of quasi-unpleasant odour chemicals are measured by using the metal-oxide semiconductor sensors

Note 1 to entry: This method is described in ISO 17299‑5 for the test of quasi-sweat, quasi-body odour (nonenal mixture odour), and quasi-excrement odour.